The Old Testament is a founding document for the kingdoms of Israel and Judah that establishes their lineage from the original humans to legendary Kings. Plus a bunch of laws, instructions for worship and whatnot.
People just took it too seriously and now we murder eachother over our imaginary friends.
I very quickly checked wikipedia, because I couldn't easily identify the extra one. It lists all 16 of the 10 commandments... The table looks like different branches of christianity bundle some of them together (mostly various coveting) or don't even consider the first and last a commandment, so they always only count to ten. So it's an easy mistake to make.
But the fact that they couldn't even count the paragraphs is riddiculous.
Cyrillic seems really difficult with all the vowel shifts, English doesn't even make sense in its own alphabet. Something like "Ай эм де лорд, дай год." then?
Come on year of Jubilee! At least do the law against charging interest on loans!
Anyways, ya, the 11 are group the first two or the last two. If you group the first two, you sort of lessen the impact of "I am your god" with stuff about idols - but if you group the last two "don't covet your neighbors property, such as: wife, house, horses, etc..." you basically are saying wives are property.
Law is more complicated than quoting bits of text that you like. You actually have to consider other texts (the fourteenth amendment made the bill of rights applicable to states) and case law (Everson v. Board of education confirms that states and school districts can't support specific religious activities).
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
There is debate on this like there's debate on climate change. 9/10 legal scholars agree that the 14th amendment burdened the states with the same protections of rights as the federal government. That's why you're being downvoted. This is taught in grade school.
The 14th amendment provided for the US Constitution to be incorporated down to the state level. The intent seems to have been to bring it all in together, but the US Supreme Court eventually decided on a more piecemeal approach. As cases came through about specific sections of the Constitution, the Court would decide if the section in question applied to the states. For the Establishment Clause in question here, that happened in 1947.
So yes, the text of the Establishment Clause specifically refers to federal Congress, but the 14th amendment then steps in and says it applies to the states.
Incidentally, the 2nd amendment wasn't incorporated until 2008. If states didn't otherwise have an equivalent section to their constitution (some do, some don't), they could have put up whatever gun control measures they wanted.
Would be cool if leftists had jobs other than minimum wage non authoritative ones then we could have lawyers and judges that figured out ways to culture jam this stuff and make Republicans eat shit instead of the other way around.
For those who do not know, in Exodus, Moses gets pissed off, smashes the tablets people today call the Ten Commandments, goes back up the mountain and Yaweh has him carve new ones with different laws on them. Those laws are the only laws called "Ten Commandments" in the Bible.
They include:
Three times a year all your men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord, the God of Israel. [Good luck with that]
Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast
“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.
As the end of the chapter says:
Moses was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights without eating bread or drinking water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant—the Ten Commandments.
“The first offspring of every womb belongs to me, including all the firstborn males of your livestock, whether from herd or flock. 20 Redeem the firstborn donkey with a lamb, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. Redeem all your firstborn sons.
I love this because what if actually? What if there's literally a buzzfeed tier list of five things to do we're missing for a utopian society? And mankind fucked it like we always do.
God gave plenty more laws in the next few books of the Bible. The famous commandments about not mixing fabrics or cutting your hair? Yeah Moses of the Ten Commandments is behind that book too.
What's funny is that (according to the old testament) when Moses came down off the mountain with the tablets and found everyone worshipping the golden calf, he had a big hissy fit and smashed them. So then after doing quite a bit of murdering he had to go back up the mountain to get a second set. Exodus 32-34
I asked a religious relative how it was ok for Moses to murder people when he had only just be told by God himself "thou shalt not kill", and she said it was because the don't kill thing came further down the list than having only the one god.
The bible seems to consider it murder only if it's another christian.
[if someone] has gone and served other gods and worshiped them, [...] you shall stone that man or woman to death with stones.
-Deuteronomy 17:2-5
If your brother, the son of your mother, or your son or your daughter or the wife you embrace or your friend who is as your own soul entices you secretly, saying, ‘Let us go and serve other gods,’ [...] you shall kill him. Your hand shall be first against him to put him to death.
As a note, the Israelites would in later generations go on to kill a shitload of people. It's one of those things where it seems like the Bible only really considers it murder if God doesn't sanction it. It's honestly one of the many sticking points that makes Abrahamic religions a hard sell for modern individuals. That said, if you look at it from a historical perspective, it really comes across more like a religious version of the Code of Hammurabi. It's less "don't kill" as a philosophical or religious position and more about sanctions against killing in a practical legal sense. A functioning society has laws that formally govern behavior and the Israelites were essentially an ecclesiarchy, with Moses being both head of state and high priest. The same laws that governed social life were always going to intersect with laws that governed spiritual life.
If you say base "10", what does that mean? You'd have to know the base that "10" was meant to be in. It could be binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal, any number. It does not even need to be a natural number, you can use negative numbers, fractional numbers, negative fractional numbers, irrational numbers, even complex numbers as a base.