The most important group of #ambassadors to Madrid were the French ambassador, the Imperial ambassador to the Empire, the nuncio, and the Venetian ambassador.
Madrid did not have a diplomatic district. Diplomatic #envoys did enjoy immunity in the #embassy, with the king himself offering them lodgings for rent upon their arrival. Nevertheless, the ambassadors complained of the difficulties in gaining an audience with the ruler.
Following the union of the Portuguese and Spanish crowns in 1580, a global dimension of Spanish #diplomacy was developed which enhanced the reputation of the Spanish kings. (5/n)
According to Cario-Ivernizzi Spanish historiography continues to suffer from a lack of discourse surrounding its cultural history in general and with literary studies in particular, this is also reflected in new diplomatic #history.
However, historians specialised in Spanish #diplomacy continue to take steps forward in the field, not only with regard to the exchange of gifts but also gradually incorporating the analytical category of gender.
The career paths of Spanish & Portguese #emdiplomats have gained more attention in research only recently.
By placing more of a focus on integrating the activities of both official ambassadors and informal agents into diplomatic studies in the future, we will be able to obtain a more complete understanding of Spanish and European diplomacy in the #earlymodern era. (6/6)
The internal organization of overseas empires influenced the choice of ship technology & contributed to Portugal’s decline & the 17th century ascendancy of the Dutch, according to Claudia Rei in an exciting Social Science History paper. OA https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2024.7
The internal organization of empire contributed to the choice of ocean shipping technology, Portugal’s decline & ascendancy of the Dutch in the 17th century, according to Claudia Rei in an exciting new paper in Social Science History. Open access! https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2024.7
“He and his only son venture forth on the 7th Portuguese Armada to establish the worlds first trade empire. However the challenges that await them will test them to their core.”