Eco's definition of "eternal" is rather idiosyncratic @heretical_i :blobcat_thinkingsmirk:
The roots of Zionism can be traced to the early 17th century. Until relatively recently, it was a gentile concept. Jews didn't start using the term in relation to themselves until very late in the 19th century. Jewish Zionism comes in many forms. The form that spawned Israel dates to that time period.
Fascism was founded during World War I by Italian national syndicalists who drew upon both left-wing organizational tactics and right-wing political views. Italian Fascism gravitated to the right in the early 1920s.