Today in Labor History July 1, 1766: François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, was tortured, beheaded and burnt on a pyre for reading Voltaire's Dictionnaire philosophique and, more importantly, for not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France. The articles in Voltaire’s work included critiques of the Catholic Church, as well as Judaism and Islam. The general public loved the book, which sold out quickly after its first, anonymous, printing. The religious authorities hated it and censored it in France and Switzerland. Charles Dickens reference the torture and murder of la Barre in his novel, Tale of Two Cities. Voltaire tried, unsuccessfully, to defend la Barre. His writings immediately after the arrest did help several other young Frenchman get acquitted for the same offenses.