in the first year of observations as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES), we found many hundreds of candidate galaxies from the first 650 million years after the big bang. In early 2023, we discovered a galaxy in our data that had strong evidence of being above a redshift of 14, which was very exciting, but there were some properties of the source that made us wary
In January 2024, NIRSpec observed this galaxy, JADES-GS-z14-0, for almost ten hours, and when the spectrum was first processed, there was unambiguous evidence that the galaxy was indeed at a redshift of 14.32, shattering the previous most-distant galaxy record
The image shows an area of sand dunes on Mars in the springtime, when carbon dioxide frost is sublimating into the air.
According to NASA, the pattern of dark spots is due to the fact that the sublimation process is not uniform.
Captured by the HiRISE camera on board the spacecraft, this image has been color-enhanced to draw out some of these features.
This orbiter is a pretty amazing little spacecraft, as it's been flying around Mars since March 2006 and operating for nearly two decades.
NASA is looking into commercial options for a replacement, as the spacecraft performs both essential observation functions and serves as a communications relay.
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Over the last two years, scientists have used NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (also called Webb or JWST) to explore what astronomers refer to as Cosmic Dawn – the period in the first few hundred million years after the big bang where the first galaxies were born. These galaxies provide vital insight into the ways in which the gas, stars, and black holes were changing when the universe was very young. In October 2023 and January 2024, an international team of astronomers used Webb to observe galaxies as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Using Webb’s NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph), they obtained a spectrum of a record-breaking galaxy observed only two hundred and ninety million years after the big bang. This corresponds to a redshift of about 14, which is a measure of how much a galaxy’s light is stretched by the expansion of the universe
It showcases the coming together of two massive black holes in the early Universe, just 740 million years after the Big Bang.
The discovery of this merger so early in the Universe indicates that the growth of these objects in the centers of galaxies occurred very rapidly.
Fortunately, Webb and its Near-Infrared Spectrograph are well positioned to observe the fast-moving dense gas characteristic of black holes accreting matter.
As they swallow nearby matter, black holes produce highly ionized gas.
"Our findings suggest that merging is an important route through which black holes can rapidly grow, even at cosmic dawn," said Hannah Übler of the University of Cambridge.
"Together with other Webb findings of active, massive black holes in the distant Universe, our results also show that massive black holes have been shaping the evolution of galaxies from the very beginning."
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I mean, it's pretty common sense that at some point inertia would be overpowered by the gravitational pull of the black hole. Pretty sure that's what would happen if the moon got a little too close to us, too.
Of course there's a point where something cannot escape the gravity. What this article states is that instead of continuing to orbit while perpetually getting closer to the singularity, once the plunging region is hit the light/matter/whatever drops in basically a straight line at the speed of light to the center.
Of course no spider aliens as the clickbait might insinuate.
These are cracks in the ice sheet caused by gases which when released to the surface bring dark material with them is spread on the ground in that manner.
Sunlight causes the carbon dioxide ice at the bottom of the layer to turn into gas, then build up and break the ice sheets on it. The gas explodes in the spring on Mars, dragging dark material to the surface over time and destroying the ice layer as thick as a meter."
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