I think there was a special process to get Nvidia working in WSL. Let me check... (I'm running natively on Linux, so my experience doing it with WSL is limited.)
https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/wsl-user-guide/index.html - I'm sure you've followed this already, but according to this, it looks like you don't want to install the Nvidia drivers, and only want to install the cuda-toolkit metapackage. I'd follow the instructions from that link closely.
You may also run into performance issues within WSL due to the virtual machine overhead.