Egypt has the longest unbroken record of it's history. It may or may not have been the first civilization to begin keeping a written record of it's major events. The other 2 contenders are Mesopotamia and Sumer but most records from those are lost. Egypt's records were also lost but large portions have been rediscovered in burial tombs. Egypt began it's chronology (~3500BCE) at least a thousand years before China(~2500BCE).