My first thought was the code of Hammurabi, as the first ever set of laws. But it turns out we know of several sets of laws from before then.
Then I was thinking maybe the Pope, given that it should be well chronicled. But it turns out Peter was the first Pope (who knew?), so we're relying on Biblical timings which aren't exact.
So now I'm going to say "something Chinese". China's recorded history goes back a lot further than Europe's, but I don't really know much about it to say anything more useful than that. But did you know that writing predates the iron age in China, unlike most places? (Usually, the invention of writing changes it from the iron age "prehistory" into the written "history")