d3Xt3r

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be4foss , to KDE
@be4foss@floss.social avatar

Opt out? Opt in? Opt Green!

50% of consumers buy new devices due to unsupported software, while the "tsunami of " continues to rise.

can keep those devices in use and out of the landfill. Today!

Say hello to the new project ": For Sustainable Hardware".

https://eco.kde.org/blog/2024-05-29_introducing-ns4nh/

You don't need new hardware for a secure, up-to-date device; you just need the right software!

@kde

d3Xt3r ,

So, are there any plans to reduce the bloat in KDE, maybe even make a lightweight version (like LXQt) that's suitable for older PCs with limited resources?

d3Xt3r , (edited )

Correct me if I'm wrong, but this project isn't talking specifically about Plasma, is it? They don't mention Plasma anywhere on the page they linked.

In any case, that's irrelevant, also, I don't doubt that KDE can't run at all under the specs you mentioned - that's not the issue. The question is, how much free/usable RAM do you actually have on that machine - let's say with no apps open first, and with then check again with Konsole + Dolphin + KWrite/Kate open? And for fun, fire up Konqueror as well and check again.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

You're arguing semantics and that's not the point I'm trying to argue here. Forget the term "Plasma". I don't really care about what the DE is branded as or what's in "Plasma" the software package. When I say "KDE", I mean the desktop + all the basic default/recommended apps that you'd see on a typical KDE installation, such as Dolphin, Konsole, Kate, Kalculator, Spectacle etc that's part of the KDE project. IDK whether the apps I've mentioned are considered part of "Plasma" or not, but again, that's not the point, I'm saying this is what I meant when I said "KDE" - and what most people would expect when they picture a "KDE" environment.

Anyways, I tested this myself on two identical VMs with 2GB RAM, one installed with Fedora 40 KDE, and another with Fedora 40 LXQt, both set to use X11 (because LXQt isn't Wayland ready yet), both updated and running the latest kernel 6.8.10-300.fc40. I logged into the DEs, opened only two terminal windows and nothing else, ran, and ran htop. The screenshot speaks for itself:

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/e78854f8-9c96-4f07-a47a-021f47ae33aa.png

And when I tried disabling swap on both machines, the KDE machine was practically unusable, with only 53MB RAM remaining before it completely froze on me. Meanwhile, the LXQt one was still very much usable even without swap enabled.

I'd like to see you try running without swap and see how it fares. And if you think it's unfair disabling swap on a 2GB machine - try installing LXQt yourself, disable swap and see for yourself how much more usable it is compared to KDE.

And this is why I say KDE is bloated and not suitable for old machines.

Edit: Also, check out the memory consumption listed by a user in this post: https://lemmy.nz/comment/9070317

Edit2: Here's a screenshot of the top 30 processes on my test systems, side-by-side:

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/64771be2-2156-43b2-8287-e977f6dcb747.png

Of the above, I calculated the usage of the top 10 processes specific to each respective DE, and you can see that KDE's memory usage is almost double that of LXQt. Had I counted all the DE-specific processes, it'd no doubt be a lot more than double.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

I'm speaking relatively, in terms of an old PC with limited RAM and slow storage.

Here's an example of two identical VMs with 2GB RAM, one installed with Fedora 40 KDE, and another with Fedora 40 LXQt, both set to use X11 (because LXQt isn’t Wayland ready yet), both updated and running the latest kernel 6.8.10-300.fc40. I logged into the DEs, opened only two terminal windows and nothing else, ran, and ran htop.

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/e78854f8-9c96-4f07-a47a-021f47ae33aa.png

Also, check out the memory consumption listed by a user in this post: https://lemmy.nz/comment/9070317

Edit: Here's a screenshot of the top 30 processes on my test systems, side-by-side:

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/64771be2-2156-43b2-8287-e977f6dcb747.png

Of the above, I calculated the usage of the top 10 processes specific to each respective DE, and you can see that KDE's memory usage is almost double that of LXQt. Had I counted all the DE-specific processes, it'd no doubt be a lot more than double.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

I'm not moving any goalposts. You're the one arguing about the semantics around "Plasma", and I keep saying that's irrelevant.

Refer back to my original comment which was, and I quote:

So, are there any plans to reduce the bloat in KDE, maybe even make a lightweight version (like LXQt) that’s suitable for older PCs with limited resources?

To clarify, here I was:

  • Referring to KDE + default apps that are part of a typical KDE installation
  • Stating that a typical KDE installation is bloated compared to a typical lightweight DE like LXQt
  • Saying with the intention that the "bloat" is RELATIVE, with respect to a older PC with limited resources

The ENTIRE point of my argument was the KDE isn't really ideal RELATIVELY, for older PCs with limited resources, and I'm using LXQt here are a reference.

In a subsequent test, here's a direct apples-to-apples(ish) component comparison:

Component Process_KDE RAM_KDE Process_LXQt RAM_LXQt
WM kwin_x11 99 openbox 18
Terminal konsole 76 qterminal 75
File Manager Dolphin 135 pcmanfm-qt 80
File Archiver ark 122 Lxqt-archiver 73
Text Editor kwrite 121 featherpad 73
Image Viewer gwenview 129 lximage-qt 76
Document Viewer okular 128 qpdfview-qt6 51
Total 810 446

plasmashell was sitting at 250MB btw in this instance btw.

The numbers speak for themselves - no one in their right minds would consider KDE (or plasmashell, since you want to be pedantic) to be "light", in RELATION to an older PC with limited resources - which btw, was the premise of my entire argument. Of course KDE or plasmashell might be considered "light" on a modern system, but not an old PC with 2GB RAM. Whether something is considered light or bloated is always relative, and in this instance, it's obvious to anyone that KDE/plasmashell isn't "light".

d3Xt3r , (edited )

Sounds like an issue with your WiFi adapter/driver. You can verify this by creating a mobile hotspot on your phone and connecting your PC to it and see if you get the same issue, if you do then it proves it's got nothing to do with your router.

Another thing you can check is your journalctl logs - run journalctl -f before launching the game, then run the game and quit it when you run into the DNS issue, and check the logs at the time the issue occurred. If there's indeed a hardware/driver issue, the errors should show up in the logs.

If it's a driver issue, there may not be much you can do about it besides reporting the bug and implementing some sort of workaround (eg using a VPN). Of course, depending on the error, there may be a fix you can apply, like turning of aspm for your chip. A better option would be to replace the WiFi chip/adapter you're using and get something that's better supported under Linux, like something with an Intel or Atheros chip. But check journalctl first and see how it goes from there.

d3Xt3r ,

You cannot go back after trying it

I did! Used to have a Samsung 49" ultrawide. After using it for a couple of years, I sold it and got a 16:10 32" QHD, which I found worked better for me (+ one or two laptop screens for chat / random stuff when I'm doing serious work).

The biggest issue I had with the ultrawide is that most of the games that I played weren't optimised for it, especially in some games where things like the mini-map might be at the far end of the screen, or worse, if it was an older game then you'd have to put up with black bars, or play the game in windowed mode.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

You can already run Linux apps using Termux and Termux-X11, and I'd say the performance would be better than this demo, because this is running in a virtual machine and uses it's own kernel, whereas with Termux you're running your apps directly on top of the Android Linux kernel. Also, you don't have the overhead of running ChromeOS on top of Android.

d3Xt3r ,

I don't play D4 anymore so I can't say if this still works, but back when I did, I used to launch it (ie the Battle.net launcher) from Steam, as a non-Steam game.

I also used the latest Proton-GE as the compatibility tool, so that's something you could try as well.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

‏‏‎ ‎

d3Xt3r ,

IMO you shouldn't look at it as "should I become an x user", because that sort of implies you're getting married to that distro. Instead, you should be asking, "should I use x to solve y?" For instance, I use RHEL, Debian (Raspbian), Fedora (Asahi), Fedora Atomic (Bazzite) and Arch. I also use Windows, macOS and FreeDOS. All solve different needs and problems. There's no rule saying you should only stick to one distro/OS use whatever suits your needs, hardware and environment the best. :)

d3Xt3r ,

Because MIUI deviates from stock Android so much that it often causes unexpected behaviour and bugs. So it's easier for developers to just say they don't support it, instead of putting up with negative reviews and complaints.

d3Xt3r Mod , (edited )

What are corporate users using?

Corporates are using ThinkPads, HP EliteBooks and MacBooks. OS being Windows, macOS mainly. Linux on workstations is pretty rare - mainly used by developers - and the distro being Ububtu LTS (which I do not recommend).

Since you want to use Linux, go for a ThinkPad. There are more Linux-friendly laptops of course (like Framework and System76) but I believe none of them offer corporate-levels of stability and build-quality like ThinkPads yet - as you have experienced yourself with System76.

Main pro-tip is to avoid systems that use nVidia cards - they're often responsible for buggy suspend/resume in Linux, and can break your OS sometimes when you do an OS/kernel upgrade. So if you're after stability, avoid nVidia like the plague.

For the docking station, I've had good experiences with the HP Thunderbolt Dock G4. The initial releases were in fact a bit buggy with suspend/resume, but HP have released subsequent firmware updates to fix those issues. In fact, HP have been really good at providing regular firmware updates for those docks, and the best part is that it's on the LVFS too - which means the firmware can be updated directly in Linux using fwupd. A lot of vendors don't bother updating docking stations - and even fewer update them via LVFS, so this is something you might definitely want to look into.

Finally, for distro recommendations, I would recommend a Fedora Atomic distro since they're immutable, and rollbacks are as easy as just selecting the previous image in the boot menu. Given your requirements, I'd recommed Bluefin - specifically the Developer Experience version, since it comes with virtualisation tools OOTB.

For reference, I mainly use Bazzite (another variant of Fedora Atomic) on my pure-AMD ThinkPad Z13, and haven't had any issues with suspend/resume, external monitors, or virtualisation dev/test workflows. There's virtually no overnight battery drain either when suspending. My system also supports Opal2, so my drive is encrypted transparently to the OS, with virtually no performance overhead. It's also nice not having to muck around with LUKS and the complexities around it. I use this system for both work and personal use (gaming), and it's been a great experience so far - both software and hardware. Happy to answer any questions you may have.

Using DattoRMM to deploy CW RMM via scripting???

Does anyone know how Connectwise RMM does scripting deployments FROM other RMM tools? We are having a tough time trying to figure out how to pass our site tokens through as part of an installation script from DattoRMM, and none of the documentation seems to align correctly. Someone told us it would be something like ...

d3Xt3r ,

This is a general tech community, mostly centered around news and end-user technology discussions, so it's very unlikely you'll get an answer here. Might want to try asking on Reddit or some dedicated Datto/Connectwise forum.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

There's also XFCE and LXQt, if you want simple, easy-to-use environments.

My elderly, non-techy mum has been using XFCE over a decade across three different distros (Mint, Xubuntu, Zorin) and her experience has been consistent all these years, with no major issues or complaints. If my mum can use Linux just fine - so can anyone else (who don't have any specific/complex hw/sw requirements that is). I don't see how much further intuitive it needs to get.

KDE, Gnome, XFCE, LXQt etc all have their own place and audience. There's no need to have one experience for all - in fact, that would be a huge detriment, because you can never satisfy everyone with a one-size-fits-all approach. Take a look at Windows itself as an example - the abomination that was the Start Menu in Windows 8 (and the lack of the start button) angered so many, to the point that Microsoft had to backtrack some of those design decisions. Then there was the convoluted mess of Metro and Win32 design elements in Win 10, and finally the divisive new taskbar in Win11... you're never going to make everyone happy. And this is where Linux shines - all the different DEs and WMs offer a UX that suits a different audience or requirements. And we should continue to foster and encourage the development of these environments. Linux doesn't need to be like Windows.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

I'm not sure who this Chris Titus is, but I can't believe there's no mention of Bazzite in that infographic, which is surprising because it's arguably the best distro for gaming right now (and a pretty decent newbie-friendly distro too). It's also surprising there's no mention of CachyOS, which is overall the best performing easy-to-install Linux distro right now (although since it's based on Arch, I wouldn't recommend it for newbies).

So if I were you, I wouldn't put too much faith in their video when they missed out on these two (and several other cool distros such as Bluefin, SecureBlue, AntiX etc).

In saying that, nVidia on Linux sucks in general, so I second @ulkesk's suggestion and recommend getting an AMD instead - it's so much more nicer and hassle-free, not having to deal with any proprietary driver bs, and having a smooth Wayland experience.

d3Xt3r ,

Nice writeup, but it would've been nice if you added some screenshots or a short video of your setup!

d3Xt3r ,

Well I haven't used Plasma Mobile or any of the apps you've mentioned, so it'd be nice to see what it all looks like! (and I don't have a device I can try it on either, unless I can get it working with Termux + Termux-X11?)

d3Xt3r Mod ,

And here's a screenshot of Dillo (and some other apps) running on a modern Samsung phone (Galaxy Fold 4) :)

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/06550c17-1446-4acc-988f-9541fea12dc4.png

d3Xt3r Mod ,

What @lemmyreader said, except this is XFCE installed directly on Termux (and accessed via Termux-X11, a native X server for Android). No *buntu involved here. If you have an Android as well, you can set all this up (minus the actual Chicago95 theme) using this script.

d3Xt3r ,

Nice, great to see the continued development of an old-school, lightweight browser. We need more active alternatives to the bloated duopoly.

d3Xt3r Mod , (edited )
  1. I used OneDrive, and especially the file on-demand (all files on server visible in explorer but only downloaded when needed) feature a lot

You can continue to use OneDrive. I use the OneDriver client and it works really well - your drive appears just like a local drive, but files only get downloaded when you try to access them. Once downloaded, it gets cached locally and is available offline, and is kept in sync automatically. Other cloud providers should have similar FUSE clients available.

  1. What are best practices for managing apps?

Best practice is to stick to packages provided by your distro's repos. Flatpak should be your second option if you can't find your app there, and AppImages should be your third option (since Flatpaks are superior as they can share dependencies, unlike AppImages). Avoid Snap. In fact, avoid any distros that even use Snap (*buntu). Also, if you're on a Debian/Ububtu based distro, avoid adding PPAs (thirdparty user repositories) as far as possible, as these can cause dependency issues and may cause pain when you upgrade your distro.

Is there a GUI (I know) way to see all applications

That should be provided by your distro - Gnome-based ones have "Software" and KDE-based ones have "Discover".

d3Xt3r ,

Check out bamboo pillows and pillow cases, they have natural hypoallergenic properties and it might suit you better. Or you could just get a bamboo pillow protector + pillow case, in case you don't want to change your whole pillow out.

d3Xt3r ,

It's not "optimistic", it's actually happening. Don't forget that GPU compute is a pretty vast field, and not every field/application has a hard-coded dependency on CUDA/nVidia.

For instance, both TensorFlow and PyTorch work fine with ROCm 6.0+ now, and this enables a lot of ML tasks such as running LLMs like Llama2. Stable Diffusion also works fine - I've tested 2.1 a while back and performance has been great on my Arch + 7800 XT setup. There's plenty more such examples where AMD is already a viable option. And don't forget ZLUDA too, which is being continuing to be improved.

I mean, look at this benchmark from Feb, that's not bad at all:

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/e5ab3c8c-9227-4017-9a26-c4cc46471ad0.jpeg

And ZLUDA has had many improvements since then, so this will only get better.

Of course, whether all this makes an actual dent in nVidia compute market share is a completely different story (thanks to enterprise $$$ + existing hw that's already out there), but the point is, at least for many people/projects - ROCm is already a viable alternative to CUDA for many scenarios. And this will only improve with time. Just within the last 6 months for instance there have been VAST improvements in both ROCm (like the 6.0 release) and compatibility with major projects (like PyTorch). 6.1 was released only a few weeks ago with improved SD performance, a new video decode component (rocDecode), much faster matrix calculations with the new EigenSolver etc. It's a very exiting space to be in to be honest.

So you'd have to be blind to not notice these rapid changes that's really happening. And yes, right now it's still very, very early days for AMD and they've got a lot of catching up to do, and there's a lot of scope for improvement too. But it's happening for sure, AMD + the community isn't sitting idle.

d3Xt3r ,

I based my statements on the actual commits being made to the repo, from what I can see it's certainly not "floundering":

https://lemmy.nz/pictrs/image/5a59673c-c02a-4fa5-9d5e-cc6dab363267.jpeg

In any case, ZLUDA is really just a stop-gap arrangement so I don't see it being an issue either way - with more and more projects supporting AMD cards, it won't be needed at all in the near future.

d3Xt3r , (edited )

Since you're on Linux, it's just a matter of installing the right packages from your distros package manager. Lots of articles on the Web, just google your app + "ROCm". Main thing you gotta keep in mind is the version dependencies, since ROCm 6.0/6.1 was released recently, some programs may not yet have been updated for it. So if your distro packages the most recent version, your app might not yet support it.

This is why many ML apps also come as a Docker image with specific versions of libraries bundled with them - so that could be an easier option for you, instead of manually hunting around for various package dependencies.

Also, chances are that your app may not even know/care about ROCm, if it just uses a library like PyTorch / TensorFlow etc. So just check it's requirements first.

As for AMD vs nVidia in general, there are a few places mainly where they lagged behind: RTX, compute and super sampling.

  • For RTX, there has been improvements in performance with the RDNA3 cards, but it does lag behind by a generation. For instance, the latest 7900 XTX's RTX performance is equivalent to the 3080.

  • Compute is catching up as I mentioned earlier, and in some cases the performance may even match nVidia. This is very application/library specific though, so you'll need to look it up.

  • Super Sampling is a bit of a weird one. AMD has FSR and it does a good job in general. In some cases, it may even perform better since it uses much simpler calculations, as opposed to nVidia's deep learning technique. And AMD's FSR method can be used with any card in fact, as long as the game supports it. And therein lies the catch, only something like 1/3rd of the games out there support it, and even fewer games support the latest FSR 3. But there are mods out there which can enable FSR (check Nexus Mods) that you might be able to use. In any case, FSR/DLSS isn't a critical thing, unless you're gaming on a 4K+ monitor.

You can check out Tom's Hardware GPU Hierarchy for the exact numbers - scroll down halfway to read about the RTX and FSR situation.

So yes, AMD does lag behind in nVidia but whether this impacts you really depends on your needs and use cases. If you're a Linux user though, getting an AMD is a no-brainer - it just works so much better, as in, no need to deal with proprietary driver headaches, no update woes, excellent Wayland support etc.

d3Xt3r ,

The best option is to just support the developer/project by the method they prefer the most (ko-fi/patreon/crypto/beer/t-shirts etc).

If the project doesn't accept any donations but accepts code contributions instead (or you want to develop something that doesn't exist), you can directly hire a freelancer to work on what you want, from sites like freelancer.com.

I'm thinking of buying a Lenovo Duet 3 for running linux. Which device would have better compatibility?

There's two models - the Duet 3 which comes with a Snapdragon 7c Gen 2 @ 2.55 GHz CPU, and the 3i which comes with a Intel Celeron N4020. I would rather use the Duet 3, due to the cover, and since I am already familiar with the feel of the device due to having owned a Surface Pro 4, but I'd like to choose whichever works best...

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Forget Linux for a second. What you need to be aware is that both the variants come with only 4GB soldered-on RAM and eMMC storage. That means, even if you do manage to get Linux going on them, it's going to be super slow for any sort of practical Web/GUI needs. 4GB RAM is barely enough to run a browser these days, and if you tack on a full-fledged DE and multitasking with other apps, you'll be pushing memory pages to the disk (ie, swapping). And when that happens, you'll really feel the slowness. Trust me, you don't want to be swapping to eMMC - that's super old tech, something like 3x slower than UFS, which in turn a LOT slower than m.2 NVMe (the current standard used in "proper" laptops/convertibles).

Also, consider this for perspective - even budget smartphones these days come with at least 6GB RAM and UFS storage. So this laptop/convertible - a device meant for productivity - is a complete ripoff.

If money is an issue, then just buy a used laptop (from eBay, or whatever you guys use there). If you're aiming for good Linux compatibility then ThinkPads are a safe bet. But since you're after a Surface-like device, then you could just get any older Surface device. Why settle for an imitation when you can get the real thing? In any case, most older x86 laptops from mainstream brands should work fine in Linux in general, just do a google for it to see if there are any quirks or issues.

Regardless of your choice, avoid the Duet 3. 4GB RAM is completely unacceptable for a laptop in 2024.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Hmm, so I've had a look and it seems like Xournal++ only supports x86_64. Which means that if you get the Snapdragon version, you'll need run it using an x86 emulator like FEXEmu or Box64, and this will affect the performance and may also introduce compatibility issues. So you'll need to do your own research and find out if someone's managed to run it on ARM / Snapdragon 7c, and if there's any issues etc.

You could get the Celeron version instead, but personally I can't recommend a Celeron to anyone in good faith, so you'll have to make your own decision sorry.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

doas is relativly simple (a few hundred LOC)

Actually it's close to 2k lines of code (1,946 to be exact). But yes, it's certainly a lot simpler than sudo (132k).

d3Xt3r Mod ,
  • Fedora 37 - 2022-11-15; Nobara 37 - 2023-01-07
  • Fedora 38 - 2023-04-18; Nobara 38 - 2023-06-26
  • Fedora 39 - 2023-11-07; Nobara 39 - 2023-12-26
  • Fedora 40 - 2024-04-23; Nobara 40 - 2024-06-19 (assuming an average delay of 57 days)
d3Xt3r Mod ,

You won't find any alternatives because Flatpak has won the war. Pretty much everyone (except Canonical) hates Snap and avoids it like the plague, and AppImages have significantly dropped in popularity amongst users due to the rise of Flatpak, and the various advantage it has over AppImages. So you're left with only Flatpak/Flathub basically.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

skim has unfortunately been abandoned, there have been no updates in an year, and several old PRs and issues remain untouched. The current recommend fork is two_percent, which is also more faster and memory efficient.

If you're facing the same issue with two_percent as well, you can reach out to the author in this thread, since they haven't yet opened up their issues tab.

d3Xt3r ,

Kiwi here, no such issues with my Sync. Is there a particular community where you see these errors mainly (if so, can you link it here)?

Also, when you get those errors, it might be worth accessing that community directly using a local account - and if the images load fine, that would point to a federation issue with your server.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Agreed, this is a nice inclusion. I also hate sudoers with a passion - I already use doas but it's not standard (in the Linux world anyway), but with systemd providing an alternative means that it'll become a standard which most distros would adopt, and I hope this means we can finally ditch the convoluted sudoers file once and for all.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

doas is quite popular in the BSD world, and was ported to Linux a few years ago (via the OpenDoas project).

For starters, it's is a lot smaller than sudo - under 2k lines of code vs sudo's 132k - this makes it lot more easier to audit and maintain, and technically less likely to have vulnerabilities.

Another security advantage is that doas doesn't pass on the environment variables by default (you'd have to explicitly declare the ones you want to pass, which you can do so in the config).

The config is also a lot simpler, and doesn't force you to use visudo - which never made sense to me, visudo should've just generated the actual config, instead of checking it after the fact. Kinda like how grubby or grub2-mkconfig works. But no need for that complexity with doas.

Eg, the most basic doas config could just have one line in the file: permit: wheel. Maybe have another line for programs you want to run without a password, like permit nopass dexter cmd pacman.

d3Xt3r ,

I personally use a ThinkPad Z13 (all AMD; it's nice but pricey), but I'd recommend getting a Framework (which wasn't an option for me back then). I think modular and repairable laptops are cool, plus they seem to be well supported by the Linux community.

d3Xt3r ,

Samsung midrangers like the A15 / M15 / A25 etc have both the jack as well as an sdcard slot. There's also the Motorola G34 and the G84. And finally, there's also a flagship - the ASUS ROG Phone 8 Pro. And a whole bunch of Chinese phones which I won't bother mentioning.

d3Xt3r ,

You might be interested in these things called mouse jigglers, they range from a tiny USB dongle that simulates a mouse, to motorised movement pads that you can place under a real mouse, which would be undetectable by software.

PS: You're welcome. ;)

How do you handle your passwords?

I rely on Bitwarden (slooowly migrating from... a spreadsheet...) and am thinking of keeping a master backup to be SyncThing-synchronized across all my devices, but I'm not sure of how to secure the SyncThing-synchronized files' local access if any one of my Windows or Android units got stolen and somehow cracked into or...

d3Xt3r ,

if any one of my Windows or Android units got stolen and somehow cracked into or something.

This shouldn't be a concern if you're using disk encryption and secure passwords, which is generally the default behaviour on most systems these days.

On Android, you don't need to worry about anything as long as you've got a pin/password configured, as disk encryption has been enabled by default for like a decade now.

On Windows, if you're on the Pro/Enterprise edition, you can use Bitlocker, but if you're on Home, you can use "device encryption" (which is like a lightweight Bitlocker) - but that requires a TPM chip and your Windows user account linked to a Microsoft account. If that is not an option, you could use VeraCrypt instead, which is an opensource disk encryption tool. Another option, if you're on a laptop, could be Opal encryption (aka TCG Opal SED), assuming your drive/BIOS supports it.

TL;DR: Encrypt yo' shit, and you don't need to worry about your data if your device gets stolen.

d3Xt3r ,

The answers here are only partially correct. If you want to use your device internationally, there are four things or categories you need to consider:

  1. Carrier locked devices
  2. Region-specific devices
  3. Carrier whitelisting
  4. Regulatory requirements

Carrier locked devices are exactly that, these are the ones sold by your carrier and subsidised, they usually mention that you can't use them with other carriers. Eg the SM-S928U of the S24 works only on AT&T. If you have one of these, you may be able to buy an unlock code online to unlock your phone. Depending on your model, you might also need to flash compatible firmware or unlock additional bands from the service menu, if you want to be able to actually use it with your destination carrier.

Region-specific devices generally have limited cellular bands, meant for usage in that country. Eg although the SM-S928U1 variant of the S24 is factory unlocked (unlike the SM-S928U), it may not carry all the bands required for operation outside the US. If you're unsure about compatibility, use this website to check the bands for your target country/carrier. Generally though, if you travel a lot, it's recommend to buy the international / global variant of a phone. As an alternative, if you have a US variant Samsung, you could use the service menu to enable all bands. Though regardless of the variant, it's always a good idea to check the band compatibility before you purchase the device/travel.

Carrier whitelisting is a recent annoying thing which carriers have started doing for some technologies such as 5G, VoLTE, VoWiFi etc. Some of these features may or may not be critical for you, for eg, if the destination carrier no longer offer 2G/3G services, that means you must be able to get VoLTE in order to make calls. And VoWiFi is needed if you're in an area with poor reception, but have WiFi access. Finally, 5G would be a bonus thing but most carriers allow only whitelisted models to connect to their 5G services. Samsung normally should work in general, but given how many variants Samsung makes, there's no guarantee that your specific variant would be able to use some/all of these services. So you'll need to check with your target carrier in advance to see which of their services your phone would be able to support.

Finally, some countries may have regulatory requirements which may legally prevent shops/carriers from selling you a SIM card, if your phone isn't in their database. For instance, in Japan, it's technically illegal to operate a device without a "giteki" mark - and if your phone doesn't have this, operators may refuse to sell you a card. In this case however, you should be fine if you order a compatible SIM/eSIM online before arrival (eg from Sakura Mobile).

d3Xt3r ,

It's easiest to just register a domain name and use Couldflare Tunnels. No need to worry about dynamic DNS, port forwarding etc. Plus, you have the security advantages of DDoS protection and firewall (WAF). Finally, you get portability - you can change your ISP, router or even move your entire lab into the cloud if you wanted to, and you won't need to change a single thing.

I have a lab set up on my mini PC that I often take to work with me, and it works the same regardless of whether it's going thru my work's restricted proxy or the NAT at home. Zero config required on the network side.

d3Xt3r ,

GSIs are the way to go these days for anything that's not a Pixel. I'm not sure if there's a fully-degoogled GSI out there though, but you can check the list here: https://github.com/phhusson/treble_experimentations/wiki/Generic-System-Image-%28GSI%29-list

Or here: https://xdaforums.com/f/treble-enabled-device-development-a-ab-roms.7260/

And once you found a GSI you like, install using the instructions here: https://github.com/phhusson/treble_experimentations/wiki/Samsung

But it's best to check XDA forums as well for any device-specific quirks.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Waydroid works, but there's three main things you need to get things going to replicate a typical Android device:

  • OpenGapps: For GApps/Play Store. You'll also need to register your device to get an Android ID.
  • Magisk: Mainly to pass SafetyNet / Play Integrity basic checks.
  • libndk / libhoudini: For ARM > x86 translation. libndk works better on AMD.
  • Widevine: (optional) L3 DRM for things that need it, eg Netflix

There are some automated scripts that can set this all up. I used this one in the past with some success.

Also, stay away from nVidia. From what I recall, it just doesn't work, or there are other issues like crashes. But if you're serious about Linux in general, then ditching nVidia is generally a good idea.

Finally, games that use anti-cheat can be a hit-or-miss (like Genshin Impact, which crashed when I last tried it). But that's something that you may face on any emulator, I mean, any decent anti-cheat system would detect the usage of emulators.

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Don't use Flatpak etc for VPNs, it's limited, insecure and pointless.

It's highly likely that the Flatpak version is not routing your DNS queries, thus leaking your location. I wouldn't be surprised if other traffic is being leaked as well.

Since you're on normal Fedora, just use the normal app (.rpm): https://protonvpn.com/support/official-linux-vpn-fedora/.
Don't use the CLI version though, as it's still on the old version (v3).

d3Xt3r Mod ,

Anther exciting release! Looking forward to the new bcachefs performance improvements (and fsck, finally) and KSM advisor - hopefully with this, KSM becomes more practical.

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