The first phase until the 1520s was characterised by bilateral treaties and marriage alliances with occasional exchanges of envoys.
This reciprocal approach changed fundamentally in the second phase (1520s to 1780s). From now on agreements were presented as an act of grace by the sultan. One did not meet with other powers on the same level anymore, but from a position of superiority.
In the third and final phase one can observed an increasing familiarity on the Ottoman side with #emdiplomacy and international law.
However, Işıksel warns us to be careful with such periodisations, as they tend to symplify matters and thus ignore the many variatons of Ottoman #emdiplomacy. (6/7)
In his #handbook article Işıksel gives an overview on Ottoman adminstration concerned with diplomatic affairs and Ottoman #emdiplomacysSources, thus giving us insights into the functioning of #emdiplomacy.
He thereby stresses that there’s still much research to do, especially with regard to Ottoman #emdiplomats, their social backgrounds and their education.
Işıksel further explores the spheres of diplomatic activities of the Ottoman Empire: missions abroad, Istanbul as a central hub for #emdiplomacy and its involvement in congress diplomacy.
He finally argues that we should be careful not see the Ottoman Empire as a passive actor that was slowly integrated into European #emdiplomacy. Instead these processes were complex and multidimensional with the Ottomans adapting things according to their own ideas. (7/7)
LAND. How lies the land? How stands the reckoning? Who has any land in Appleby? a question asked the man at whose door the glass stands long, or who does not circulate it in due time.
A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)
@TheConversationUS@histodons@blackmastodon How much of that percentage reduction came from black women having other options (medicine, engineering, finance, academia, etc?)
We want you to know the name Alice Ball. She was the first woman and first African American to earn a master’s degree in science from the College of Hawaii.
Ball remarkably developed a treatment for leprosy, but she passed away shortly after.
Arthur Dean, chair of the College of Hawaii’s chemistry department, took over the project, and renamed Ball’s method to the “Dean Method,” never crediting Ball for her work.
JAPANNED. Ordained. To be japanned; to enter into holy orders, to become a clergyman, to put on the black cloth: from the colour of the japan ware, which is black.
A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)
@hoare_spitall@bibliolater@bookstodon i find them greatly dissimilar, unless he was molesting teenagers he brought along for the ride? No?
Didn't think so, or YOU would've spoken up, or at least refused to go along with it silently, and certainly not defending him when the truth came to light
@whatzaname@bibliolater@bookstodon
I'm not defending anybody, not even me. But I am aware that sometimes prima facie situations appear to be other than they are, and I have also learned to wait until all the pieces of the jigsaw are on the board before deciding what the picture shows.
HEDGE WHORE. An itinerant harlot, who bilks the bagnios and bawdy-houses, by disposing of her favours on the wayside, under a hedge; a low beggarly prostitute.
A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)
@AdrianRiskin@histodons
You've got to assume a little tongue in cheek here, but yes, good point. These open-source prostitutes are depriving Big Harlotry of their rightful cut.
@TheVulgarTongue@AdrianRiskin@histodons the lyrics of the 1980s German Schlager hit "Skandal im Sperrbezirk" have a similar meaning (the scandal isn't that Rosie is a sexworker, but she is operating in a restricted zone and depriving the other "corporate" prostitutes of a few Deutschmark)
GUTTING A QUART POT. Taking out the lining of it: i. e. drinking it off. Gutting an oyster; eating it. Gutting a house; clearing it of its furniture. See POULTERER.
A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)
@TheVulgarTongue@histodons This one surprises me. Would have thought "to gut" was an old term. Maybe it was only just being applied to things that weren't animals being dressed for food?